cow 11a
Cow 11A by Andy Warhol out of frame
Andy Warhol - Cow F.S. II 11A framed jpg
Warhol standing in front of his Cow Wallpaper

Cow 11A

Catalog Title: Cow (FS II.11A)
Year: 1971
Size: 45 1/2" x 29 3/4"
Medium: Screenprint on Wallpaper
Edition: Unlimited with approximately 100 signed in felt pen in 1979. Published for a Warhol exhibition at the Whitney Museum of American Art, New York, May 1-June 13, 1971.
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Cow 11A is one of four distinct prints in Andy Warhol’s Cow Series. Warhol published the portfolio in 1966 for the opening of his show at Leo Castelli Gallery in New York. He used the colorful, and strangely ecstatic cow prints as wallpaper for his exhibition.

Andy Warholโ€™s Pop Art career generated a great deal of controversy for its bold style and avoidance of abstract representation. Another significant element of the uproar surrounding Warhol’s art lies in the things he chose to depict. Warhol challenged the world with the idea that something made recognizable by advertisements and supermarkets could (or even should) be the subject of artistic expression.

Legendary art dealer Ivan Karp called cows “a durable image in the history of the arts,” suggesting Warhol paint them. This meant that the Cow portfolio was a departure from Warholโ€™s earlier work. Warholโ€™s earlier pieces redefined art by asking the viewer to reconsider common notions of artistic value. Expanding on that mission, the Cow prints show a Warhol who has developed a unique and identifiable style, and is willing to use this style to redefine traditional artistic subjects.

By broadening the horizons of what is incorporated into the Pop Art movement, works like the Cow portfolio give Warholโ€™s style a newfound sense of universality. Warholโ€™s style of artistic production intentionally blurred the line between art and commodity. Similarly, his celebrity portraits successfully translated a person’s image into a mass-produced silkscreen: a marketable product. Cow 11A successfully did the same with the image of a natural subject, even one Ivan Karp described as โ€œwonderfully pastoral.” Perhaps Warholโ€™s commodification of the cow reflects the fact that the cow itself is absorbed into consumer culture as a commodity, often being raised in massive farms for human consumption. This would be an overlap, both stylistically and spiritually, with his depiction of other, more obvious commodities, such as Campbellโ€™s soupโ€“in which the cow is sometimes an ingredient.

Cow 11A, however, does not depict the cow as a foodstuff. This particular print contains perhaps the most understated coloration in the portfolio. Warhol offsets the hazy blue background with a vivid brown, reminding us of storybooks and nursery rhymes. The end result is playful, recalling one’s bond to nature, and our elemental affinity for the subject. Ultimately, Cow successfully depicts all the things that caused Ivan Karp to suggest the subject in the first place. Warhol’s treatment of the cow thus evokes a certain perfection and mastery of his work. He alienates the cow with experimentation, while simultaneously allowing it to emerge as nothing less than itself. While retaining the Pop Art aesthetic, and becoming absorbed into Warholโ€™s business-oriented philosophy, the Cow remains a familiar image.

The Cow portfolio was Warholโ€™s first wallpaper project, which would become one of his defining media. He lined many of his shows with bright, eye-popping depictions of endlessly varying subjects against vivid backgrounds, but the Cow always remained one of the most recognizable wallpaper styles in his arsenal.

Warhol’sย Cows were printed by Bill Miller’s Wallpaper Studio, Inc., in New York.

 

Photo Credit: Andy Warhol photographed April 28, 1971 at his retrospective exhibition at the Whitney Museum of American Art in NYC. Photo by Jack Mitchell/Getty Images.

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